From Skender ASANI/
The patriot and publicist of the National Revival, Petro Nini Luarasi, rightly emphasized that the unification of the alphabet that was achieved at the Congress of Manastir in 1908, it was called an emergency by the patriots of the early years of the 20th century. After exhaustive and sometimes bitter discussions, the Congress of Manastir approved a unique alphabet, which was based on the Istanbul’s alphabet with a few changes (ë, e, p, x) and along with those letters, the congress decided to use another Latin alphabet, uniting the two alphabets for those sounds that are missing in the Latin alphabet.
The newspapers and magazines of the time also wrote about the importance and resonance of the decisions of the Congress of Manastir. For example, the “National Calendar” of 1909 wrote: “It is one of the greatest events for the Albanian nation… This congress was convened to put an end to the issue of the “ABC”, to decide that the Albanian language should be written with a pair of letters and not like before when everyone built the ABC as they pleased…”
The press of the time also widely reported on the practical effects that the adoption of a common alphabet in Manastir, and as a result, many initiatives were launched by the Albanian elite to open schools, associations, clubs and newspapers, which would be based on the alphabet newly approved at the Congress of Manastir.
Initially, the first school was opened in Elbasan, followed by the one in Tirana, continuing with the opening of schools in Korça, Berat, Kolonja, etc. Several large clubs were also opened in Istanbul, Thessaloniki, Skopje, Egypt, Manastir, Ioannina, as well as several smaller ones in other Albanian cities. Immediately after the Congress of Manastir, many newspapers in the Albanian language were also opened, such as: “Liria”, “Shkupi”, “Drita”, “Bashkimi”, “Korça”, “Rrufeja”, etc.
At the Congress of Manastir, 116 years ago, not only was the Albanian alphabet standardized, but a great compromise was also reached between the different layers of the Albanian intellectual elite of that time, which, although coming from different religious and regional origins, found the perfect formula of coexistence and harmony among themselves. This formula produced the Western vision in the cultural and educational consciousness of the Albanians, separating the Albanian wagon of Euro-Atlantic aspirations from the Asian train.
With the unified alphabet of the Albanian language, where Latin letters dominated, the Albanians, although suffering in recent years under Ottoman captivity, put an end to the dilemmas and hesitations about where their ethno-cultural identity should be oriented.
Freed from identity dilemmas, Albanians found it very easy to establish bridges of cooperation and communication with their neighbors and with more distant peoples. This was made possible primarily by the Latin alphabet, which over time produced a cooperative cultural climate with other languages and cultures. In the pages of magazines and newspapers of the time published in Albanian, journalistic and literary articles by Balkan and European authors began to be published, and this enabled the ice of prejudices and stereotypes to melt, at least a little, on the thick surface created by the policy of Balkan alliances, guided by the ideas of hegemony and chauvinism.
Now, 116 years after the Congress of Manastir, when the Albanian language has been consolidated and standardized within the codes of communication and public interactivity, we still have a lot of work to do to ensure that this language finds its place in the conditions when the world is increasingly moving towards globalization and digitalization. This fact increases the responsibility of users of the Albanian language, both in the private and public and official spheres, creating an efficient mechanism to protec the Albanian language from the effects produced by major languages, such as English and other languages.
Today, when we are celebrating a double holiday – the 116th anniversary of the Congress of Manastir and the 17th anniversary of the founding of the ISCHA, we would like the future of the Albanian language to be closely linked to our common goals for a Euro-Atlantic future.
I wish that we can also build our individual and collective destinies on this future!
Skopje, 22. 11. 2024